Fig. 1

Experimental schedule
Mice received microinjection of viruses and surgical implantation of optical fibers in the BF. Pristane or PBS was administered to mice via intraperitoneal injection. Optogenetic stimulation of BF cholinergic neurons was applied to mice for 4 months. Following a series of behavioral tests and intravital microscopy, mice were sacrificed and brain tissues were collected for further assays